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Farmall & IHC Tractors Discussion Forum
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Tractor loading revisited.

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Hugh MacKay

05-20-2004 19:56:42




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I notice a few days ago some of you guys took exception to my saying backing a tractor onto a truck or trailer is a nono. I stand by what I said, and will briefly attempt to explain why.

During my years farming, I have had 3 trailers geared up for amoung other things hauling tractors. The first was a 18' deck, bumper hitch, two 3,500 lb axles, pulled either by a C-20 or C-50 Chevy. The second was a 40' deck goose neck with air brakes and pulled by a single axle highway tractor. The one I currently have is just a light tandem car hauler, and really all I ever move with that is my SA, 130 or 140. When I bought the 40' trailer 100+ hp tractors were just coming on the market thus I found as well as my own tractors, I was being called on by two dealers to do a lot of deliveries for them. This became a commercial part of my farming operation.

First let me say that other than ice or snow just about the poorest place for a tractor to obtain traction is on a trailer deck. You can weld rebar, angle iron, etc on ramp portions of trailer. The deck however is something you keep smooth and free of such items. When you back a tractor up a ramp to trailer deck, at the point when your rear wheels hit that deck, the front end is still coming up the incline, thus the tractor is still pulling. In a position like this, if a tractor spins out it will most definately spin sideways. Such a drop if it happens will almost certainly result in upset. When you drive on, tractor is level when drive wheels hit the deck. I have loaded hundreds of tractors and never had one come up on the front end driving on foreward. Most of these were tractors I had driven for the first time heading for the back of the trailer. Contrary to what some of you said, you hit the back of the trailer at or near full throttle in 1st gear. Momentum is what makes the operation smooth. If a trailer deck is wet you should always use a drying agent. sand, cat litter, etc.

There are exceptions to this and every case must be judged individually. Mounted equipment behind is one of them. I will give you one tip, until you treat this as I'm driving from point A to point B you will have trouble. Moving a tractor inch by inch or foot by foot, onto or off a trailer will get you in trouble quickly.

One other item on truck trailer combinations, with the exception of your steering axle, all axles should carry the same weight or at least within 5%. Your driving axle should be the one 5% heavy. I don't care if that is an F-150 with a car hauler or a 10 axle, multi trailer set up hauling 140,000 lbs. If you want stability same rule applies. Safety experts today are watching driver fatigue closely. From experience I can tell you nothing will create driver fatigue any quicker than a poorly loaded truck.

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Red Rider

05-21-2004 20:24:03




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 Re: Tractor loading revisited. in reply to Hugh MacKay, 05-20-2004 19:56:42  
Mr Mackay, I do not disagree with most of your statements but I also have been hauling tractors for 40 years. Balancing your load is as you stated very important. But loading and unloading of tractors is a seperate safety issue. I usually load my tractors backwards because I would rather drive off than back off. Extreme care must be taken when loading a tractor in either direction. While driving on a trailer is easier that backing on, driving off is easier and safer that backing off. There are pros and cons to both. Common sense and safety should be primary when doing either. If the trailer deck and ramps are wet I will load off a dock rather that even attemped to drive on or back on using ramps. As for distrubiting weight on your trailer which like you stated is very important. How many haulers actually weigh the tongue of their loaded trailer? Probably not many. On a bumper hitch at least 10% to 15% of your loaded trailer weight should be on the tongue with 15% being better. A goose neck would follow the same formula. On an 18 wheeler I don't know the percentage for sure but common sense tells me that I want a lot more on my drivers that on the trailer axles. The best advise I have for anyone hauling tractors is make sound safe decisions as if your life depended on it. Your families are counting on you to come home safe.

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lee

05-21-2004 20:20:08




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 Re: Tractor loading revisited. in reply to Hugh MacKay, 05-20-2004 19:56:42  
I don't think there is any hard and fast rule,
forward or backward, depends on specific circumstances of trailer and load combo so that proper load balance can be obtained. Scotty's tractor and trailer combo would load and haul fine either way because he's got the trailer length to allow for balanced load either way. Being a tilt bed he may be more comfortable driving on. But then he's got to back off and tilt down so it's pay me now or pay me later. Just my thoughts. Backing on does have the disadvantage of less traction as the weight shifts to the front of the tractor backing on.
Backing on, a tractor cannot lift the front end as it might in forward loading. Worst it could do is spin a tire. If you get in trouble backing on all you have to do is depress the clutch and roll off. All told I could see where it may in fact be safer to back on.

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Carp

05-21-2004 09:48:58




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 Re: Tractor loading revisited. in reply to Hugh MacKay, 05-20-2004 19:56:42  
I agree 100%. Another reason that I always load forward is that more weight is transfered to the rear wheels when going up forward as opposed to backwards. When I first started hauling tractors, I had a WD Allis spin when I tried to back it on. I pulled back down off and pull on forward with no problem.

The only time I load backwards is then I am hauling 2 tractors on by trailer and need to pull the fronts past each other to fit.

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rustyfarmall

05-21-2004 05:11:41




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 Re: Tractor loading revisited. in reply to Hugh MacKay, 05-20-2004 19:56:42  
Hugh, I agreed with you in the other posting, and I agree with you now, not only for the reasons mentioned, but also for the simple reason that there just isn't any way to get the weight distribution correct when backing the tractor onto the trailer. I learned about weight distribution the hard way, nothing bad happened, but doing it the right way will make the differance between a very uncomfortable ride at 35 mph, or smooth sailing at the speed limit.

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Hugh MacKay

05-21-2004 05:41:10




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 Re: Re: Tractor loading revisited. in reply to rustyfarmall, 05-21-2004 05:11:41  
Rusty: Right on nothing worse than an improperly balanced load. I was at a safety meeting once, they showed photos of a Peterbuilt with B Train grossing 140,000 lbs., upset on an interchange ramp at about 15 mph. The driver said he had been fighting this load for some 100 miles, and was exhausted. He did say the final move that caused the upset was steering correction. Clearly that unit had much more weight on rear trailer axles than on the rest of the axles.

Another item some of these guys should try is loading a 1086 with cab and duals back on. They will soon change their minds, about backing on. On my 40' trailer many times I have loaded 1066 with cab, duals and 20' folding wing disk harrow behind, chained it down and had the operator disking 10 miles away in 45 min. Same with 5 bottom semi-mount plow, you have to load that one from an angle to make it backable coming off. You don't use side boards when the next load could be 12' wide. My trailers were all full width loading ramps thus narrow fronts were no problem. Keep the ramps long, steepness will not win you any awards.

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FM

05-21-2004 18:17:51




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 Re: Re: Re: Tractor loading revisited. in reply to Hugh MacKay, 05-21-2004 05:41:10  
Hugh,


I dont doubt what you say, but why would you load a 1066 and disk on a trailer to go to a field 10 miles away? I am sure you had your reasons, but around here we just drive it.


Mike



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Hugh MacKay

05-21-2004 19:47:14




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 Re: Re: Re: Re: Tractor loading revisited. in reply to FM, 05-21-2004 18:17:51  
Mike: I never liked roading tractors for a number of reasons. I lived on a road with about three times the truck traffic it was designed to handle. They also used a chip seal on those roads for winter driving conditions, it was very hard on tractor tires.

I will say the 10 miles is a toss up on just whether it is worth trucking or roading. I did a lot of custom work with my two largest tractors that quite often took them 60 miles away from home and there it did pay, to truck. I would guess that after 1970, I did no hauling of hay, silage or grain with tractors on public highways. Trucks are faster and more economical.

Another area we used trailer a lot was fertilizing or spraying, put supplies on front of trailer tractor behind and one guy could work all day moving when necessary, and have all supplies with him. with a single axle highway tractor, if he had a breakdown, he could unhook trailer and go for repairs or parts.

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scotty

05-21-2004 04:03:28




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 Re: Tractor loading revisited. in reply to Hugh MacKay, 05-20-2004 19:56:42  
third party image

GM Hugh, I feel like I shouldnt even respond to this post with all you guys with 40 years experience, but I had to throw my 2 cents in. And I would like to add that this Snoco trailer that I rebuilt is my only trailer and all that I have towed is the A and the Super A ! The whole bed on that thing tilts, so as your driving up it seems like your at 45 degs and the next second your horizontal again, a little unerving for someone that has never loaded a tractor before. Whats this have to do with your statement, probablly nothing, but just had to throw my 2 cents in. Have a good day!

scotty

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Hugh MacKay

05-21-2004 18:06:07




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 Re: Re: Tractor loading revisited. in reply to scotty, 05-21-2004 04:03:28  
scotty: It has everything in the world to do with what we're talking about. Look guys where the weight of that little tractor is and I'll bet it drives like a charm. Some may question as to how well a goat can pull a Farmall A, but not I.

My employer has a trailer like this he uses behind a farm tractor for moving a non neumatic forklift about a mile between ware houses. Of course the only way the fork lift will climb the ramp is with charger on a pallet on forks, and backing on. Even then full speed is necessary, and mesh welded to the deck. He doesn't have a loading dock at second warehouse, or we would just run it in one of the trucks to move.

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49 Cubber!

05-21-2004 03:39:27




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 Re: Tractor loading revisited. in reply to Hugh MacKay, 05-20-2004 19:56:42  
FOr me its the trailer,one of my trailers I can drive right on with no problem,but that one wont haul my Ms so on my other trailer that I mainly haul my Ms with,I back it on.Just the steepness,which isnt really much but feels like more to me,scares the living heck out of me.I also saw a very close call while someone was loading an H,scared me too.On my M hauler I have sides on it so sliding off to the side isnt an issue and I never load when its wet out.

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Wardner

05-20-2004 21:09:27




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 Re: Tractor loading revisited. in reply to Hugh MacKay, 05-20-2004 19:56:42  
I have two trailers. (1) 9 ton tri-axel. (2) 20 ton w/air brakes. Both are bumper pulls. Both have wood decks.

I can't recall ever spinning a drive tire while loading forward or backwards. If that had ever happened to me, I would have put sides on the trailers, changed the deck somehow, or quit trailering. Successful bailouts on a tractor are a very rare occurance.

I never EVER use any throttle position higher than the absolute lowest possible idle. And I always use the TA if it is available.

I usually load going forward because most of my tractors that I move are trikes and I only have two ramps. First gear is usually slower than reverse. I haven't mastered the art of angle loading while in reverse. In fact, I have no need to. Backward loading is usually done when implements are attached. An old piece of 8" channel can handle one of the trike tires when the CG is near the rear axel.

I wonder if John Deere owners approach this subject differently.

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