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Implement Alley Discussion Forum

Field Cultivator or disc?

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rob98

04-25-2006 08:29:18




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I am trying to do some small scale farming(20ac), for hobby mainly. I have a 125 HP tractor. I have an old 7' chisel plow that I run to break up the ground nice and deep, but I am trying to decide what to buy to do the final preparation for seed planting (winter wheat, haygrazer etc).

I have had people tell me to get a field cultivator with shanks 6" apart, staggered on 3 tool bars with 8" sweeps. I originally thought about a tandem disc, but was told they leave a rough field on the edges where the outer discs kick up the dirt.

Any way I have the chisel, a wheat drill, and am just missing the intermediary equipment. Like I said it is just for hobby, but since I am going to go out and buy something I want to get what will work best.

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paul

04-27-2006 08:36:56




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 Re: Field Cultivator or disc? in reply to rob98, 04-25-2006 08:29:18  
These days a field cultivator is _the_ soil prep tool. A disk is a specialized tool, everyone has one in the grove but rarely uses it, only when it is needed.

The disk will help break up hard clods. It will cut up heavy trash, like lots of cornstalks, or heavy wheat straw. Other than that, it is a land packer & we have come to realize it does not make a good seedbed, more of a hard plow-pan in our clay soils.

The field cultivator, with a 2-3 bar harrow attachment on the back of it, will make a much better seedbed 90% of the time. The only issue really is trash, as mentioned. Old units had the bars too close together. As they get newer, the bars got spaced farther apart, then a 4th bar was added on real new ones & all the shanks are spaced farther apart.

For $1500 I would expect a pretty new unit with good spacing, harrow attachment, etc. 'Round here anyhow.

Cultimultchers are not good in trash, they really plug up. Make wonderful seedbeds in clear dirt tho.

Tillers tend to overwork the soil, using up hp & time.

I think in small grain stubble, the field cultivator will work out for you fine. Chisel in fall, field cultivate in spring, and plant.

For cornstalks, you would need to either chop the stalks with a stalk chopper (flail mower), or disk it several times, before chiseling it, then the field cultivator would should likely will handle things in spring.

If I had to get only one, I'd go for the field cultivator unless there was a good reason for needing the disk - if you are in that 10%.

--->Paul

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RickL

04-26-2006 06:24:27




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 Re: Field Cultivator or disc? in reply to rob98, 04-25-2006 08:29:18  
If your are using a chisel plow and leaving much trash on top any of the early model field cultivators will become a DUMPRAKE in the trash. Use a disk period. adjust according to conditions and you will be fine and have a very all around useful tool that will be able to use every year not just when trash allows. The disk will only ridge if not set correctly. find you a unit that has a harrow on the rear of it also and that all you will need

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rob98

04-25-2006 22:10:05




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 Re: Field Cultivator or disc? in reply to rob98, 04-25-2006 08:29:18  
Thanks again for the info. All good stuff and very informative.

I did some pricing today and a 15' 3pt, 3 bar 4" field cultivator(used) is going to run $1000. I figure a good 3pt disk is going to be about that amount or more. (I need everything 3pt as some of the areas I am working are small and fenced and it is a pain turning pull type stuff around)

Someone mentioned to me trying a rototiller. Something like this http://www.ccmachinery.com/tillers.htm the SR series either 90" or 105". Seems like with the chisel I could break up the soil and then the tiller should do a good job of preparing the seedbed wouldn't it? True these are pretty narrow, but I am not trying to cover large acreages. At a cost of 3k I don't know. Maybe good if it is replacing two other implements?

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Brendon

04-26-2006 04:11:48




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 Re: Field Cultivator or disc? in reply to rob98, 04-25-2006 22:10:05  
Personally I would shy away from using a rotary tiller for seedbed preperation. They leave the soil so loose and powdered that it dries out rapidly and can also crust badly if you get a hard rain. In addition, they are much slower than disks and cultivators and would require more frequent maintenance.
For the cost of a new tiller, you could get a whole shed full of used implements to fit your operation if you shop around carefully. Used implements to fit 50-100 horsepower tractors are the lowest cost out there. They are to small for commercial farmers and too big for most "weekenders".

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Leroy

04-26-2006 01:09:32




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 Re: Field Cultivator or disc? in reply to rob98, 04-25-2006 22:10:05  
That 3 point 15' feild cultivator with a harrow used should run you less than $200, a few year ago I bought a 14 1/2' with single bar harrow for $35, first bid was $25, my bid was second at the $35 and I got it and it was ready for the field



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edchainsaw

04-25-2006 20:06:02




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 Re: Field Cultivator or disc? in reply to rob98, 04-25-2006 08:29:18  
if you are using a chisle plow the cultimulcher could be a problem with plugging from trash left on top-- sometimes

we use a field cultivator by far the most as it levels better ( oh it does have a harrow behind it) it doesnt pull hard either..

we have to keep all the above equipment because you just never know what the conditions require.



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Brendon

04-25-2006 19:55:58




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 Re: Field Cultivator or disc? in reply to rob98, 04-25-2006 08:29:18  
For growing winter wheat, most folks would consider both a field cultivator and a disk an absolute must. (Unless you farm no-till, that is!) The disk is used to work down the stubble after harvest and breaking up clods after plowing (moldboard or chisel). After that work is done you park the disk and use the field cultivator to keep the field clean and smooth. As said by others, a coil-tine or spike-tooth harrow attachment on the cultivator is very desirable. Just don't go too deep or you will lose valuable soil moisture and risk poor germination if you have a dry fall. Ideally the seed will be placed just into the firm soil below what has been worked up by the cultivator. The problem with using a disk for pre-planting tillage is that it goes too deep and the seed will just sit there in the dry, loose soil.

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Hoosier Pete

04-25-2006 15:39:04




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 Re: Field Cultivator or disc? in reply to rob98, 04-25-2006 08:29:18  
Field cultivator with Krause type drag or harrow will level better than a disc. Will also trim the roots on small weeds and leave them on top where the sun can get to them. That said the cultimulcher does a fabulous job preparing for small grain & / or grass / legume. Either way your gonna want some sort of packer to finish for forages.

Pete



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D boll

04-25-2006 12:06:41




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 Re: Field Cultivator or disc? in reply to rob98, 04-25-2006 08:29:18  
Culti mulchers never really caught on here,tandem disk with a spike tooth drag behind works good if not too wet or roads to travel, I like using a digger (Wilrich) for most final tillage but own a 480 IH disk, you really need both depending on conditions.



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Jim Allen

04-25-2006 10:01:03




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 Re: Field Cultivator or disc? in reply to rob98, 04-25-2006 08:29:18  
I have an IH 315 cultimulcher pulled behind a 92hp 826. It works hard if I put the shanks down all the way, but it goes. It looks pretty much like the very neat pics Allen posted. Most people around here call 'em "cultimulcher" but some say "cultipacker." They have fallen into favor because of no-till planting. I plant with an old Melroe 14 foot 202 drill.



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JMS/MN

04-25-2006 09:25:25




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 Re: Field Cultivator or disc? in reply to rob98, 04-25-2006 08:29:18  
Disks are fine for cutting sod after moldboard plowing, but it tends to pack the soil. Put a tine harrow on the back of the field cultivator and it makes a nice seedbed tool. They are the standard of the Corn Belt.



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Jim Allen

04-25-2006 08:55:36




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 Re: Field Cultivator or disc? in reply to rob98, 04-25-2006 08:29:18  
Under the same circumstances, I use a harrowgater and/or a cultimulcher. The clutimulcher leaves a nice surface to plant in and breaks up or buries the clods. A cultivator with sweeps doesn't leave a very good surface to plant in but is useful for open field weed control. The disk is useful after moldboard plowing. I'm a newbie farmer myself but have a few years of trial and error under my belt. I plant wheat and soybeans on 45 acres in clay ground in NW Ohio.

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ROB98

04-25-2006 09:01:57




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 Re: Field Cultivator or disc? in reply to Jim Allen, 04-25-2006 08:55:36  
Thanks for the reply. I must be a bigger newbie than you as I have never heard of a cultimuncher or a harrowgater?



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Allan In NE

04-25-2006 09:29:58




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 Re: Field Cultivator or disc? in reply to ROB98, 04-25-2006 09:01:57  
Rob,

I just call 'em a "packer". Best thing since sliced bread. They have fallen out of favor with most folks 'cause no one plows anymore.

They pull pretty darned hard, but your tractor ought to handle a 15' model okay.

Allan

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rob98

04-25-2006 22:13:18




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 Re: Field Cultivator or disc? in reply to Allan In NE, 04-25-2006 09:29:58  
Thanks again for the info. All good stuff and very informative. I did some pricing today and a 15' 3pt, 3 bar 4" field cultivator(used) is going to run $1000. I figure a good 3pt disk is going to be about that amount or more. (I need everything 3pt as some of the areas I am working are small and fenced and it is a pain turning pull type stuff around)

Someone mentioned to me trying a rototiller. Something like this Link the SR series either 90" or 105". Seems like with the chisel I could break up the soil and then the tiller should do a good job of preparing the seedbed wouldn't it? True these are pretty narrow, but I am not trying to cover large acreages. At a cost of 3k I don't know. Maybe good if it is replacing two other implements?

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