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Basic primer question

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CNKS

05-22-2006 17:37:59




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The "simple" fixing pits question below evolved into a new record for length on this forum, I believe. I have a very basic question, primarily for Rod and Ex-Pro, but anyone else is free to comment. Epoxy primers give good corrosion protection because they are waterproof. The URO as explained by Ex-Pro also gives good corrosion protection, along with some other high dollar primers. I like PPG Omni MP 170, followed by MP 182 surfacer. Really have no intention from deviating from that. The reason I started using 170 epoxy was not for corrosion protection, however, it was because the 182 requires that bare metal have special treatment, sanding AND etch priming, before application, or else it needs to be used over some other primer. MP 170 has to be about the simplest thing in existence to use, along with 182. We often get questions about different primers, I always tell the person to use epoxy. There are a lot of people who use tractor dealer paint and farm store paint (alkyd enamel, usually) or some better name brand paint that may recommend their own "lacquer" primer. Is there any advantage to using epoxy under such paints, or any other for that matter, as long as the metal is properly prepared, and the primer adheres to it? In this case I am assuming that the person primes, then paints within a day or so, so that the metal does not start to rust. The topcoat then gives the corrosion protection. Does the epoxy bond to the bare metal better, and also give better adhesion to whatever goes over it than some of the lesser "good" primers? The bonding properties of epoxy both to the metal and to the surfacer or topcoat over it are what I always thought were the main reasons for using it -- along with the corrosion protection on bare metal that was not to be painted right away. The latter is not a problem for me as not many things rust as long as I keep them inside. Just trying to further my education.

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B-maniac

05-23-2006 20:08:12




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 Re: Basic primer question in reply to CNKS, 05-22-2006 17:37:59  
This is in response to RodNH and his reference to the gas cap falling 4' onto a concrete floor and chipping.With all due respect to one of the most knowlegable people on this forum.I honestly don't know of ANY sprayed on,air or chemically cured refinish system that would hold up to that test. Hail has been known to actually dent auto sheetmetal and not break the paint,but ice isn't harder than factory paint and is non abrasive. Also factory paint today isn't even paint as we know it.It's actually closer to powder coat than it is paint. I hope to have not opened a can of worms here but I wouldnt change paint systems based on that test. I believe you know what to use AND how to use it and this shouldn't cause you to question your system.

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Rod (NH)

05-23-2006 21:37:05




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 Re: Basic primer question in reply to B-maniac, 05-23-2006 20:08:12  
B---,

You may have misunderstood. My point in posting about the gas cap chip was to note that the separation was not at the topcoat/epoxy interface but went all the way to bare metal. The fact that the topcoat/epoxy chemical bond held up in that particular instance is likely a validation of your practice of using epoxy as a sealer over surfacer to obtain a chemical bond with the topcoat. A previous chip problem that I had with the same paint was at the hand crank opening in the radiator shroud. There was enough slop/wear in the crank guide structure that the crank actually rubbed at times on the side of the radiator shroud and a chip got produced at the edge of the opening. Since it was caused by a fairly high concentrated bearing force on a rounded edge area, there is probably no paint system that would have held up there either. As I remember the separation point there was the topcoat/surfacer interface since I used surfacer on the shroud and it had epoxy under it. That would also validate the superiority of a chemical bond over a mechanical one. I am thinking about using your epoxy-sealing method whenever I use a surfacer. Would you guess that a chip separation point would occur at the epoxy sealer/surfacer interface (a mechnical bond point) rather than going all the way to bare metal, when using the following layer sequence?:

1. Two coats of epoxy direct to "bright metal" sandblasted steel - no chemical pretreatment.
2. Several coats of 2K surfacer applied within the epoxy window.
3. One thinned "sealer" coat of epoxy after sanding the surfacer (say with 400 grit final).
4. Topcoat within the epoxy window.

I am not asking for any degree of certainty here. That's not possible. Just your expectation under that scenario. What I would want to avoid is to have a chip (if it's going to happen anyway) go all the way to bare metal. Those first two coats of epoxy provide an excellent barrier protection against corrosion for an indefinite period. From that standpoint I would prefer to have any coating adhesion failure above them. I am assuming here that the bond between the first epoxy and the sandblasted profile is likely stronger than the bond between the sealer epoxy and the 400 grit surfacer scratch, but I don't know.

BTW, no can of worms and that wasn't a test. I had fumbled the cap after taking it off and it dropped to the floor. Here it is from a previous post:
third party image

Rod

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B-maniac

05-24-2006 17:21:16




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 Re: Basic primer question in reply to Rod (NH), 05-23-2006 21:37:05  
With my limited knowlege of chemistry and physics,I would have to say that that would be the logical separation point for a chip. I do believe that there are a lot of other variables that might determine this such as the physics of what caused the chip. CNKS also brought up a valid point about the 2k surfacer still retaining a certain amount of crosslinking itself even though it was sanded prior to sealing with epoxy.Very possible although it would probably be a diminishing amount based ,again, on the cure time and time lapse between sanding and sealing with epoxy and maybe even the grit of paper used.We probably will never know for sure whether it is clever marketing or the truth,but this critical chem. cross linking is the main reason I stay with a one brand "system" from the bottom up.It has NEVER failed me.It appears from the photo of your gas cap that excessive build (too many mills) may be why it chipped all the way down. Just a guess?

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Rod (NH)

05-24-2006 19:22:48




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 Re: Basic primer question in reply to B-maniac, 05-24-2006 17:21:16  
Thanks. Actually that cap had 3 coats of urethane clear over 3 coats of single stage urethane over 2 coats of epoxy. That's probably about 8 mils or thereabouts. It does look thick, doesn't it. The cap is 2-1/2" in diameter and the chip is no more than 1/4" long. The reason for clear here is that I cleared over my main hood decals and I wanted to make sure the adjacent areas were also cleared to keep the same appearance.

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B-maniac

05-24-2006 17:31:56




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 Re: Basic primer question in reply to B-maniac, 05-24-2006 17:21:16  
Sorry Rod,I need to go back and re-read what you wrote about the paint on your gas cap. Epoxy and 3 coats of paint would not be too many mills.Havn't a clue why it went down to bare metal like that.



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jubilee johnny

05-23-2006 05:11:27




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 Re: Basic primer question in reply to CNKS, 05-22-2006 17:37:59  
What about the laquer based primers that we used to use? I still have a gallon I'm using up. Should I throw it out? We have a Napa dealer so I only have access to Martin Senour paint. Is their epoxy primer good to use?



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CNKS

05-23-2006 07:14:36




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 Re: Basic primer question in reply to jubilee johnny, 05-23-2006 05:11:27  
What Rod, B, Ex-pro, myself and others try to convey are the "best" methods within reason. Just a transfer of what knowledge we have (I am still learning). You don't have to stop what you are doing. You have to decide whether what you are doing fits your needs or not, and whether or not you want to try a longer lasting method. I asked the original question, and found out some things I did not know -- thus the reason for the question. Laquer primers are ok, as long as you understand that they may not give the best adhesion in the world, and that you may have shrinkage into sanding scratches, etc. But, they are best used over epoxy (or etch if the person prefers that) and will not adhere as well to bare metal, and as stated do not offer corrosion resistance. The method Rod and I use, epoxy followed by surfacer or topcoat does not get much simpler. But, after the answers I recieved yesterday, I am going to start using the epoxy as a sealer over the surfacer so that I can get a chemical bond to the topcoat. That is in addition to using it over bare metal.

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CNKS

05-23-2006 07:18:22




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 Re: Basic primer question in reply to CNKS, 05-23-2006 07:14:36  
As to Martin Senour, I am sure they have a good epoxy -- just pay attention to the recoat window as stated in the instructions.



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jubilee johnny

05-23-2006 07:57:42




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 Re: Basic primer question in reply to CNKS, 05-23-2006 07:18:22  
Thanks for the input. Most of what I do is sandblasted bare metal. Also, most of what I know is from the 70's and 80's when I started body work. I had a hiatus for a few years when I was in school and had no shop. Now that I have a shop I am learning a lot from you guys and catching up on new materials and methods.



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Rod (NH)

05-23-2006 17:56:52




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 Re: Basic primer question in reply to jubilee johnny, 05-23-2006 07:57:42  
Johnny,

If most of your parts are blasted to bright metal, you have the very best foundation for any coating system. In my opinion that is deserving of the very best bare metal primer - an epoxy. It doesn't have to be an expensive premium version but it should be an automotive, two part epoxy. In some cases, if you don't have to do any heavy sanding or other type of bodywork, you can skip the surfacer altogether and topcoat directly to the epoxy. Although it's not a filler and is basically non-sanding (although it can be sanded) it will fill a typical blast profile quite nicely with two coats. Therefore a surfacer product can perhaps be eliminated. Of course you probably would not be using a surfacer on the cast parts anyway. I think you have indicated previously that you have fresh air breathing equipment? Assuming you do, then I would loose the lacquer-based primers/surfacers altogether. Either keep 'em around as a monument to times past or give 'em to someone who doesn't have the proper breathing equipment to safely use better stuff. Get some 2K, urethane-based surfacer to go with the epoxy for when you need to fill sandscratches, etc. Like the epoxy, it doesn't have to be an expensive item from a premium line. Those two basic products will provide you an excellent undercoat system for about any type of topcoat you wish to apply. I have never used Martin Senour products and don't know enough to talk intelligently about them. I do know that they have more than one "quality" (and price) line of automotive paints, just like DuPont, PPG and others. I am sure they have similar products also, like epoxy and 2K surfacers. I know that their stuff has a following around my area because the local NAPA store seems to be doing well selling it - even with both DuPont and PPG competition within five or six miles. We could argue all day about whether you should go with a premium product or an economy product. Only you can judge how much you want to spend for what may be unimportant (to you) marginal differences between premium and economy qualities. The cost difference can easily be two or three times between the two. The bottom line is a two-part epoxy and a 2K surfacer in any line of automotive paints from a recognized manufacturer should serve you very well indeed. As CNKS indicates, you need to be aware of epoxy recoat time windows to obtain the best performance. That will be spelled out in the appropriate tech sheet. If you don't have a link to the MS website that has both technical data sheets and MSDS sheets for all their products, post back.

Rod

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jubilee johnny

05-23-2006 19:44:41




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 Re: Basic primer question in reply to Rod (NH), 05-23-2006 17:56:52  
Thank you for the time to explain. Out of all the old iron stuff I work on I really like the refinshing part the best.



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Rod (NH)

05-22-2006 20:08:33




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 Re: Basic primer question in reply to CNKS, 05-22-2006 17:37:59  
This may end up as an epoxy vs. etch debate. A legitimate one but probably not worth a lot as no one will be convinced to change what they have already have confidence in. With me, it's epoxy. If you are a PPG guy you likely favor epoxy. Conversely if you are a DuPont guy you likely favor etch. Or perhaps even nothing in the case of the URO. When Ex-pro mentioned the practice of a sandable surfacer (DuPont's URO) being applied direct to bare metal, that was the first time I had ever heard of that from either DuPont or PPG. All the tech sheets I have seen for that type of product (DuPont or PPG) over many years have always recommended either an etch primer, or an epoxy primer or a chemical pretreatment process (phosphoric acid based) prior to any surfacer type product on bare steel. I still have not seen one even today although DuPont is apparently taking that position in their training despite their on-line tech sheets. I believe that the reason for that pretreatment is not only adhesion but also corrosion protection. And not only until the surfacer can be covered over with something else. But for years - even after the topcoat. I wouldn't rely on the topcoat to provide the corrosion protection. If it did, the only issue would be adhesion. I don't think it's that simple. I have seen reference to being able to apply surfacers over "small" bare metal areas w/o further effort, such as one might get in cut-throughs when sanding the surfacer down. But not to any significant bare areas. Not until Ex-pro mentioned it. I've never considered that sandable surfacers are a preferred product for corrosion protection. And as far as I know, they don't have the "sticky" reputation that epoxy does either. I have no use for etch primers at all. But I'm not a collision repair shop either. If I get a cut-through to bare metal on sanding surfacer, I'll just spot with epoxy, apply more surfacer and carry on. I try never to have bare metal showing w/o an epoxy cover. Just chaulk it up to it makes me feel good. Overkill? Maybe. But I've got the stuff anyway. Why not use it? The time factor is of no consideration to me at all. I only paint myself and I never put a value on my own time when I am working on my own stuff, painting or anything else. If Bill Grady is reading these threads he must be crying from laughing so hard.

Rod

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CNKS

05-22-2006 20:27:26




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 Re: Basic primer question in reply to Rod (NH), 05-22-2006 20:08:33  
I have a couple of 1/4 inch places on my fenders where I sanded through the surfacer and the epoxy. I did not try to fix them, because I was doing a two time repeat operation on a couple of small depressions that I missed initially. Tired of messing with it, although I have nothing but time either -- these were high spots. If the paint peels off, I will remember it. I think Bill Grady was playing games -- he likes to do the ROLF thing, got a lot of otherwise calm people stirred up. Yes, I should spot in my sand throughs, but, luckily, until they peel off, I've forgotton where they are. Usually with the high places, I use the crude method of whopping it with a hammer (gently) and filling the resulting shallow dent with body filler, but on a fender, I then have a bump on the other side. Next thing I should buy is a good set of dollies, etc and learn how to use them. I better shut up or everyone will be ROLFing.

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CNKS

05-22-2006 20:30:01




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 Re: Basic primer question in reply to CNKS, 05-22-2006 20:27:26  
Especially when I say ROLF instead of ROFL.



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EX-pro

05-22-2006 18:26:33




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 Re: Basic primer question in reply to CNKS, 05-22-2006 17:37:59  
You need a 19” monitor for that one fore sure. I may add a couple more fore good measure. Any time you can put a watertight layer under what would not have been, you are doing a better paint job. I would consider epoxy primer’s bonding properties second only to etching primer. Almost any topcoat going over any compatible primer has the opportunity to bond so long as it is applied within the open window.

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B-maniac

05-22-2006 18:17:05




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 Re: Basic primer question in reply to CNKS, 05-22-2006 17:37:59  
My experience and my education from PPG. Epoxy first over clean bare metal.Yes,because it adheres best and therefor has the best corroson resistance.Because of chemical cross linking,the 2k surfacers in turn adhere better to the epoxy than they would to the bare metal.Build and block sand until the pits are gone.The next bond will be mechanical again because you have sanded the surfacer. The best thing for a mechanical bond is,again,another coat of epoxy,thinned a little this time if desired,as a sealer coat. Now you will have a chemical bond set up for your top coat adhesion,which is superior.You will not get the easy chipping of the top coat off of the primer like you will with a sanded surface directly under the top coat.When people complain about the easy chipping of the "newer" paints,it is not a paint problem,it's an adhesion problem,curable by using chemical bonds whenever possible. If the pits in the metal are very deep,use hardened glaze filler over the epoxy,sand smooth,then surfacer etc. I know this seems like a lot of overkill for a tractor but this is what people are asking about,including yourself. It is overkill, but some of us like the peace of mind of knowing we will never have to do that tractor again and if you are doing it for a customer,they usually will pay for that peace of mind also. The bottom line is this,I could use any primers and/or paints you want and with the right amount of work and time end up with a finish worthy of the show. Problem is,some would only look that good for a month and some 6 months and maybe some for a year. I want indefinitly.Everybodys definition of "nice" is different also.Mine is pretty high.

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CNKS

05-22-2006 19:53:39




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 Re: Basic primer question in reply to B-maniac, 05-22-2006 18:17:05  
OK, I have not understood your comments about epoxy as a sealer until now. I always thought a sealer was mainly to seal the underlying layer in case it was incompatible with the topcoat. I did not know that another purpose was to create a chemical bond with the topcoat. Applied within the window we have the surfacer chemically attached to the underlying epoxy, and mechanically attached to the epoxy sealer. I wonder if the epoxy is applied to the surfacer within a couple of days, if the epoxy will have a chemical attachment as well as a mechanical one to the surfacer also? -- I probably am not going to work that fast, though. I have not tried thinned MP 170. I suppose I need to try the thinned version and see how it flows out. 170 does not run or sag easily, I hope it doesn't when it is thinned. Also with my as yet unsolved contamination problem, or whatever it is, I'm going to get "cooties" in the sealer. I don't know if those defects will show through the sanded/buffed topcoat or not.
The DuPont rep, Frank Stalfire, says that paint should not chip down to the primer, it should chip to bare metal. That is essentially what you said. Pits have not been a problem for me, I have had some chipping, don't know if it was the the epoxy or the surfacer, appears to be to the surfacer, meaning epoxy as a sealer might prevent that -- learn things every day -- thanks. And to Ex-pro also.

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Rod (NH)

05-22-2006 20:30:24




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 Re: Basic primer question in reply to CNKS, 05-22-2006 19:53:39  
I have not yet tried B---'s suggestion to basically seal the surfacer with epoxy, not to "seal" the underlying product, but to get a chemical bond with the topcoat. I have always stopped at the sanded surfacer stage and waited at my leisure for applying the topcoat, thereby getting only a mechanical bond with a 400 grit scratch. That way I don't have to worry about the recoat period of epoxy. His suggestion makes sense and I may try it because I like the idea of a chemical bond. My biggest problem with that is because I work outside, my timing is very dependent on the variable weather. As far as the chipping goes the last chip that bothered me was when I dropped my gas cap about four feet onto a concrete floor. The chip went all the way to bare metal. That surprised me. I didn't use surfacer on that cap. That was blasted to bright metal, primed with two coats of epoxy and topcoated with 3 coats of MTK acrylic urethane, applied within the window. I therefore had a chemical bond with the topcoat - no mechanical one. The paint was about three years old when that occurred.

Rod

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CNKS

05-22-2006 17:41:40




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 Re: Basic primer question in reply to CNKS, 05-22-2006 17:37:59  
Didn't mean to leave out B-maniac, he just posted below, or several other people.



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