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Restoration & Repair Tips Board

Correct piston ring installation

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mark gowan

04-12-2008 12:44:22




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I am in the middle of an overhall of an F20 (1939), and the rings were taken off the cylinders before I had a chance to see how to put them back on. I have the oil ring as well as two bevelled and a flat. Does the flat go on the bottom (just above the oil ring, or the middle?
Any ideas?
thnx!
mark




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bill mart

04-15-2008 15:11:27




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 Re: Correct piston ring installation in reply to mark gowan, 04-12-2008 12:44:22  
heres what a race car engine builder told me,the ring manufacturer will usually specify a clock position for the ring ends, most are set at 10 and 2 with the bottom oil ring set differently. The ring end gaps (.oo4 per inch) should be checked before anyone puts new rings on the old pistons. Also a check of the ring lands should be in order. Too much ring land gap creates ring flutter. This condition leads to the rings seating then unseating themselves. When this condition is encountered tons of power is lost through either blowby or increased cylinder temperature. The blowby will eventually lead to carbon buildup on both the top and bottom of the ring land surface areas dramatically reducing the effectiveness of the rings. Cylinder taper should also be checked. An easy way anyone can check taper is to place a straight edge in the cylinder. Remember to remove the carbon ridge at the very top of the cylinder in question. If you can rock the straight edge back and forth or another way is to try to insert a feeler gauge between the straight edge and the cylinder wall while maintaining a certain degree of taughtness between the straight edge and the cylinder wall, if either of these conditions appear to have excessive wear forget the rings and contact a machine shop for a cylinder boring. New rings in an old unserviced cylinder will do little to improve performance. As for the 4 rings, I am clueless as to their respective order. It would not surprise me if the the oil ring at the bottom, number 3 ring could be the bevel ring to act as a oil scraper, next the #2 ring beveled acting as a oil scraper and minor compresson ring then finally the top ring probably flat commonly know as the compression ring. Look for a dot or triangle or some type of mark on the rings this will denote the top of ring. Lastly check the piston skirt. Rub marks, gouges, scoring, discoloration, or deformation of the piston skirt are all signs of side to side piston movement. Tough on performance and a real heat generator.

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Dick L

04-16-2008 06:56:09




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 Fantastic Bill in reply to bill mart, 04-15-2008 15:11:27  
Everyone that is thinking of rebuilding an old tractor engine or an engine of any kind should print this and ready it fifty times while in the process.



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Edpap

04-13-2008 14:32:29




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 Re: Correct piston ring installation in reply to mark gowan, 04-12-2008 12:44:22  
Hello Mark,
when instaling rings there is some basic rules that apply to most manufactures. if there is a mark or stamp that side faces up if there is no mark then it dosen't matter. the top ring is usally crome or different from the other two rings. if there is a taper or grove on the inside of the ring there must a mark to tell you witch side is up. I like the idea of puting the ring gaps at the pins I will start doing it that way.
Good luck Ed

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rrlund

04-13-2008 11:28:44




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 Re: Correct piston ring installation in reply to mark gowan, 04-12-2008 12:44:22  
One tip that I'll give you that isn't exactly what you asked. My son builds high performance engines. Most folks tell you to stagger the grooves. He says line them up with the wrist pins but alternate sides. Says they wear into the cylinder walls less from the piston slap that way. He builds some high dollar stuff.



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Dick L

04-13-2008 13:08:37




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 Re: Correct piston ring installation in reply to rrlund, 04-13-2008 11:28:44  
That puts the gaps on the narrow sides of the piston where there is more piston clearance. Never thought about it before but putting the gap in that area does make sence to me but not for what you said for tractor engines. It takes a lot of run time to get piston slap on a tractor. They will be smoking away the oil long before then. That might be because he would be using super short pistons and slap could be a problem in a much shorter time.

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DickL

04-12-2008 13:41:32




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 Re: Correct piston ring installation in reply to mark gowan, 04-12-2008 12:44:22  
Actually different brands will instruct you differently. You should find a dot on the top two rings and the dot would go up. I have a new set of Sealed power rings now that has the bevel up on the top ring. The next two rings do not have a bevel. The second ring has a dot and the third ring does not have the dot. New rings in an overhaul should have the instructons on the packages on on the box.

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CNKS

04-12-2008 13:05:38




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 Re: Correct piston ring installation in reply to mark gowan, 04-12-2008 12:44:22  
Ask on the Farmall forum -- many people there can answer that question.



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