Oldtractorfan: The clutch drive for these starters has been around for 40 years. I installed my first one 20 years ago. I've been on YT close to 10 years and have advocated the clutch drive since I arrived.
Your starter guy is partially correct, however not 100%. Three items can be the downfall of a 6 volt starter converted to 12 volt. Tractors slow to fire up require more cranking, and poor quality and worn out starter drives allow the starter to spin wildly too often and too long.
The third matter is C-113 and C-123 engines crank much too easily once compression drops below 80psi. This allows the starter to spin too fast, and the centrifical force can dislodge whindings of the armature. This is probably not as crucial with larger engines.
I suspect most problems associated with 6 volt starter problems running on 12 volt can be one or a combination of all 3 of the above. I recently encountered the centrifical force on armature with my 130. Tractor has been on 12 volt for 18 years, has had a clutch drive all those years. It fires up very quickly even at -20. During the past year compression has dropped to 55 psi all cylinders. It doesn't fire up quite as quickly as it once did. You guessed it, one day this past fall I cranked it on starter thinking switch was on. My starter rebuilder is satisfied combination of low compression and numerous periods of extended cranking caused this.
I might add, I converted my 6 volt Super A to 6 volt alternator same time as I did my 130 to 12 volt. Far fewer problems with SA than 130. These little tractors do not need 12 volts for starting. They do need good charging systems. In 1956 my dad and I started a 6 volt Farmall 300 at -40F, completely unassisted by any artificial help. Remember in 1956, that 300 had a one year old battery and relatively new charging system.
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