That 10 amps High Charge and 4 amps Low Charge sounds like your genny and light switch etc are all FINE and I agree the cutout just isnt working and/or latching and holding in correct.
The VERY FIRST thing I would try is to insure a clean brigth shiny good ground (to genny if its genny mounted or metal frame member otherwise) to the Cutout !!!!!!!!!!! See if that cures the problem?????? You mighty also remove n wire brush shiny and re attach both Cutout leads (BAT & GEN/ARM) and likewise at the ARM and FLD on the genny.
Next thing (after a good cutout ground is established) if possible remove the cover and clean/buff/polish the relay contacts no more abrasive then required and see how she works then???
You ask how is it supposed to work??? The relay is normally open/unlatched and ONLY when the gennys voltage exceeds battery voltage it closes/latches shut and stays there until the gennys voltage lowers (like when you shut tractor off or at real low idle). If it has a poor ground or burned contacts or a bad relay winding (series or shunt) it may NOT act accordingly.
It can easily be replaced with a mechanical unit (suitable for 6 volts and Positive Ground remember) and some folks use a solid state replacement which are usually bi polar and work at EITHER ground if wired correct.
NOTE I guess it may be possible for a genny problem such as worn brushes or weak sticky brush hold down spring assemblies or a oiled carboned commutator to cause some of your problems but I'd suspect the cutout first as its easy to replace and not all that expensive. It probably wouldnt hurt as preventive maintenance to inspect and exercise your brush hold down springys, brush length, and clean the gennys commutator just in case while youre at it. That and a good grounding of the Cutout and a light clean/buff/polish of the relay contacts may cure all your problems woooooooo hooooooooooo
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