The Stalingrad and Kharkov tractor plants came into operation in the early 1930s and enabled mechanization of the most power-consuming agricultural operations such as ploughing, sowing and harvesting. However, row crops (sugar beet, corn, potato, cotton, etc.) were still cultivated using horsepower because the first tractors could not be used for loosening, thinning or hilling. In 1933, the total area of row crops in USSR was 20 million hectares. Thus, cultivating tractors were necessary.
Such a tractor was designed at the Research Institute for Tractor Building in Moscow on the basis of the Farmall model (US). However, the new tractor was by no means a simple copy of the original model. The design was modified to meet Soviet production and service conditions.
The new tractor was called Universal. It had a 22 h.p. engine and its design was simple and reliable. From 1934 to 1940, the tractor was fabricated in Leningrad, and the second plant came into operation in Vladimir in 1944 where the fabrication continued until 1955. A total of 210,000 Universal tractors of various modifications were produced from 1934 to 1955.
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Today's Featured Article - Identifying Tractor Noises - by Curtis Von Fange. Listening To Your Tractor : Part 3 - In this series we are continuing to learn the fine art of listening to our tractor in hopes of keeping it running longer. One particularly important facet is to hear and identify the particular noises that our
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