Brazing works basically like soldering, if you've ever soldered electrical stuff. You use an oxy/acetylene torch and a carburizing flame. You'll be heating the iron to a low red heat and using a brass alloy filler rod. You're working a molten puddle of the alloy along the crack, kind of like arc welding only much slower. Unlike the arc welding though you are not melting the parent material. The flux does the final cleaning so the filler material can bond to the parent material.
Obviously it will be necessary to have the case upside down to do a good job. If the tractor is still broken at present time, then go ahead and tear down the whole thing and clean it out. I would pull axle housings and everything.
You'll need to clean the area of paint and grease for at least 3 inches either side of the crack. I would take an angle grinder and "dust off" the casting slightly. Once you can see how far the crack goes, drill out the ends with a 1/4" bit to help stop the crack from propagating. You'll fill the hole when you braze. Then "V" out the crack a little bit to maximize the contact area of the parent material around the crack. Use brake cleaner and clean the heck out of the area on both sides. Cast iron is porous and you'll want it as oil free as possible.
I would round up some kind of burner, like from a turkey fryer or old bathroom stove or something and get it going under the case when ready to braze. This is just to take the chill out of the whole casting. About like touching a car on a hot summer day. Then I would do the actual brazing.
There's bound to be some you-tube videos of people brazing. Watch some of those and do some google searching. Older welding and farm maintenance type books usually had sections on brazing. Hit the local library and see what you can find.
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Today's Featured Article - Fabrication (Who Me? Make it myself?) - by Chris Pratt. First of all, what are the reasons for not fabricatin your own parts? Most judgements on what should be purchased rather than fabricated stem from: Originality - If the tractor restoration is to be 100% original, it is likely that you should spend the time and money to locate the component in the used or New-old-stock market. Since this can be extremely difficult, you may want to fabricate the item or purchase a modern replacement temporarily, but eventually, you s
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