There is NO set number of shims on each side of the differential or on the pinion. If you have to start over from scratch as you did not keep track of your shims, here is what you do. Install differential with equal thickness of shims on each side with pinion removed. . Add or remove shims until you have no side load on bearings which you will determine by having just a little bit of side movement of differential, like .010(as these are ball bearings and cannot be loaded). Now you install pinion with enough shims so the butt end of pinion and ring gear are flush. You will have to shuffle shims back and forth on differential to obtain that. Now, you want (this is if gears are new) about .006 to .012 back lash between ring and pinion gears. This is measured with a dial indicator on the very tip of ring gear tooth with pinion held solid. You will need input shaft installed also so pinion is in normal operating position.
But , here comes the rub. You are working with used gears that have established a pattern. To get back to that same wear pattern is very difficult. When I tear one down that I intend to reuse gears I measure the backlash before removing unless of course a bearing is completely shelled out. Even if there is a lot of back lash, I attempt to reset to same when putting it back together.
You can use tooth contact readings with Prussian blue or grease , or some other suitable material but you have to have the experienced eye to know what you are looking for. Good luck.
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