With all due respect I have to correct some of your statements....
YOU CLAIM
"It is sent as either 480 or 240, depending on the aberage loads of your community etc.
THATS NOT CORRECT
Typical single phase High Voltage Primary out on the utility poles is more like 7200 or 9600 volts, its NOT sent at either 240 or 480 volts depending on your community
YOU CLAIM
"It is transformed to 240 in many cases at the pole or ground transformer"
Thats more like it, at a pole mounted or pad mounted transformer the 7200 or 9600 volts is transformed to 120/240 volt single phase three wire service. Thats accomplished by a 240 volt secondary winding (L1 to L2 = 240 volts) but having a center tap whereby its only 120 volts from either line to the center tap which is earth grounded and becomes Neutral, i.e. a GrounDED conductor.
YOU CLAIM
"The power is broken down at the panel to 120"
I wouldnt call it "broken down" Inside the panel are L1 and L2 (240 volts line to line) and the Neutral. Its 240 volts L1 to L2 but ONLY 120 from L1 OR L2 to Neutral.
NOTE In industrial applications (but NOT residential) if the utility only wants to provide one building service, it may be 240 or 480 volts and then if you need 120 you use a dry transformer inside the building.
PS in years past typical home AC voltages were 110 then raised to 115 nowadays more like 120 but most appliances will work at any of those
Hope this helps
John T Retired Electrical Distribution Design Engineer
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