That question cannot be logically answered as asked. What type of engine? What type of service? At what temperature ranges? Flat tappets or roller tapppets (makes a big difference).
Considering this is an "old" tractor forum, let's consider oil for probably 99% of the tractor engines dicussed here, along with stationary engines.
If some chump goes to his local auto-parts store to get multi-visc motor oil - it is MOST likely that oil will not have the proper lube requirements. Especially for engines that do not have roller-tappets on the camshafts. That goes for the cams that operate the valves and also the cams inside in-line fuel injection pumps. Gas engine motor-oil formulated since 2009 has lowered the anti-wear additives that older equipment needs. And, it's not going to tell you that on the label.
Now - if you buy racing oil, or tractor oil, or most diesel oils - you'll be okay for your gas and diesel engine tractors. Even the "Traveller" brand sold at Tractor Supply and made by Warren Oil has a high level of anti-wear additves.
Chances are if you go down to NAPA and buy 30W, you'll get some sort of off-road of diesel rated oil. But, if you ask for a multi-viscosity, you'll likely get a highway gas-engine oil that does NOT have the proper protection.
Shell Rotella T straight-grade 30W and 40W has an excellent flash point, good level of ZDDP, and a high HTHS (high temp-high shear) rating.
To the other extreme, if you insist on using only one grade of oil regardless if 105 F or 25 below F - then any multi-oil is better then any single-grade 30W or 40W . That because of the damage you can do during cold starts.
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Today's Featured Article - Good As New - by Bill Goodwin. In the summer of 1995, my father, Russ Goodwin, and I acquired the 1945 Farmall B that my grandfather used as an overseer on a farm in Waynesboro, Georgia. After my grandfather’s death in 1955, J.P. Rollins, son of the landowner, used the tractor. In the winter 1985, while in his possession the engine block cracked and was unrepairable. He had told my father
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