The standard generic motor charts show a 5 HP 230 volt single phase motor draws 28 amps (fairly close to your 30 amp calculation)
HOWEVER when I was a design engineer I never exceeded 80% of the wire ampacity for full load conditions and 80% of 30 amp rated No 10 Gauge wire is only 24 amps THEREFORE Id specify 8 gauge wire at a minimum.
ALSO HOWEVER even if it may be some overkill, to lessen voltage drop over 70 feet of wire Id bump it up yet one more size and recommend 6 gauge.
Since 80% of 30 amps is 24 and the motor will draw at least 28 amps and due to the voltage drop at 70 feet, I just couldnt in good faith recommend only 10 gauge wire.
But hey its his money and hes free to do as he pleases and Im rusty as an old nail as far as the NEC is concerned so if he wants yo use 10 thats his business but I have to stick with remommending at least 8 better yet 6 gauge
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Today's Featured Article - Third Brush Generators - by Chris Pratt. While I love straightening sheet metal, cleaning, and painting old tractors, I use every excuse to avoid working on the on the electrics. I find the whole process sheer mystery. I have picked up and attempted to read every auto and farm electrics book with no improvement in the situation. They all seem to start with a chapter entitled "Theory of Electricity". After a few paragraphs I usually close the book and go back to banging out dents. A good friend and I were recently discussing our tractor electrical systems when he stated "I figure it all comes back to applying Ohms Law". At this point
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