Look at it like this. Measure the circumference of the tire on your tractor. Now measure the circumference of the rim.
Using that thought as a reference, and my measurements for simplicity, it goes like this. If you rotate the tire alone one revolution it's going to go 48 inches. If you rotate the rim one complete revolution it's going to go 24 inches. If you push the tractor forward on the tire it will go 48 inches, on the rims it will go 24 inches, each distance in just one revolution.
Now, with nothing about the situation changed in regard to the diameter of the tire or rim, physically put the two together. Now, the tractor will move 48 inches forward for one complete revolution of both the rim, and the tire.
That said, the example you use is why a planetary gearbox works. Basically you can attach a 48 tooth gear to a 24 tooth gear. With the two gears together you then input power to the 48 tooth gear, and let the 24 tooth gear be the output, driving the device. The resulting output is 1/2 the input speed, with twice the torque.
The only way this could be possible is for the two gears to be attached together and to make one revolution TOGETHER while the actual circumference on one moves at twice/half the speed of the other one.
I really don't know how else to explain it, but really think about the two examples and you'll understand what I am saying.
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Today's Featured Article - Timing Your Magneto Ignition Tractor - by Chris Pratt. If you have done major engine work or restored your tractor, chances are you removed the magneto and spark plug wires and eventually reached the point where you had to put it all back together and make it run. On our first cosmetic restoration, not having a manual, we carefully marked the wires, taped the magneto in the position it came off, and were careful not to turn the engine over while we had these components off. We thought we could get by with this since the engine ran perfectly and would not need any internal work. After the cleanup and painting was done, we began reassembly and finally came to t
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