More common than is known is when equipotential does not exist. First appreciate how electricity works. Lightning is a plasma path that does nothing until that path is constructed. Then an electric current in microseconds (too fast for any high speed camera) connects a cloud three miles up to earthborne charges (via earth) maybe four miles distant. Four legged animals are at risk. Since a shorter path through earth can be up hind legs and down fore legs. Milk production can be adversely affected.
To appreciate this, find papers from (if I remember correctly) Dr Mary Ann Coopper from U of Illinois.
Equipotential means that current in on a path that need not pass underneath a cow or anywhere inside a barn. For example, a buried copper wire surrounding a barn means no current passes through ground beneath that barn. IOW equipotential exists as current takes a better conductive path around the barn. Then a voltage difference does not exist between cow legs.
Faults in AC electricity can also create these currents that hurt animals. Another reason for making a better earth ground so as to create equipotential.
Best time to avert this problem was when footing were poured for that barn using an Ufer ground.
A high speed camera cannot record what happens during those microseconds that a current flows.
Wires or pipes also must connect to that single point ground before entering. Otherwise equipotential is compromised.
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Today's Featured Article - Listening to Your Tractor - by Curtis Von Fange. Years ago there was a TV show about a talking car. Unless you are from another planet, physically or otherwise, I don’t think our internal combustion buddies will talk and tell us their problems. But, on the other hand, there is a secret language that our mechanical companions readily do speak. It is an interesting form of communication that involves all the senses of the listener. In this series we are going to investigate and learn the basic rudimentary skills of understanding this lingo.
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