Main roads and Interstates are most always bored (horizontally drilled) Pits can be seen the side of roadways 30-40 feet deep when in process. Depth is decided by several factors pipe size, road load, composition of soil, nearby drainage and so on. The Ohio river has been crossed using these methods.
Open cut trenching (backroads, private driveways and even trails or tractor paths generally are dug deeper and filled with cementacious materials to form a concrete like protection for the pipe as well counter settling. Some lesser use paths or roadways may just get backfilled with good binding aggregates and compacted . If the lease stipulates the land for ag. use then
the area is to be built to accommodate. If you have a roadway crossing or need one it needed to be stipulated when the lease was drawn. Pipeline and ROW engineers are commissioned to design their line based on the need of the gas/oil company and the most desirable and direct path utilizing all of the topography features and any stipulation that the land owner may have. If no such stipulations are made then the pipeline will be built to minimum standards, with out consideration to our back 40.
As far as older lines and crossing them I have seen severally corroded lines with 12" of cover. After 50-60 years topography can change for many reasons, IMHO I want to know where they are so as to avoid what earlier posters has stated as fact. Fortunitatly have not witnessed these disasters but have heard about them several times. Most of the companies I have worked with were very willing to discuss options to correct the OP friend's situation. Gas/oil companies can get a bad rap and I found they generally will try to resolve these issues.
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