In theory, a hotter engine is more efficient, because less heat is lost to cooling. But there are a lot of other factors, so the difference between running an engine at, say 150 degress vs 210 degrees is not that much. The temperature of the incoming air/fuel mixture has a more dramatic effect, since the cooler air is much more dense.
Over the 100+ year history of the gasoline internal combustion engine, the trend has been towards higher cooling system temperatures. This is for a number of reasons, not just efficiency. The hotter the coolant, the smaller the radiator needs to be. It's also easier to maintain a constant engine temperature with hotter coolant. But hotter coolant temperatures require higher system pressure and glycol coolant to avoid boilover, so it wasn't until the seventies when we had engines designed to run at over 200F.
Why did the 8N run so cold? Well, I suspect at least some of the coolant was bypassing the thermostat. I'm not familiar enough with the 8N to know why that would be, but looking at test 443 I see that when the water temp dropped below 150F, the tractor was running at low load (less than 10 hp) at about 2100 rpm. I'll also note that the specific fuel consumption went through the roof in these conditions, indicating the engine was probably being cooled by the evaporation of unburned fuel. (At full power, 26 hp, sfc was .56 lb/hp-hr. At 6 hp that went to 1.16, and at 2 hp sfc was a whopping 2.93 lb/hp-hr!)
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Today's Featured Article - Earthmaster Project Progress Just a little update on my Earthmaster......it's back from the dead! I pulled the head, and soaked the stuck valves with mystery oil overnight, re-installed the head, and bingo, the compression returned. But alas, my carb foiled me again, it would fire a second then flood out. After numerous dead ends for a replacement carb, I went to work fixing mine.I soldered new floats on the float arm, they came from an old motorcycle carb, replaced the packing on the throttle shaft with o-rings, cut new ga
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