"check for an open (disconnected wire or broken wire) to the Field of the alternator. You could also have a bad regulator. Without a Field reference, the alternator "assumes" there is no voltage to your main bus"
With a broken or disconnected wire to the (rotating) field, the alternator will not charge at all.
The regulator doesn't use a "field reference" (whatever that is) to sense voltage, but rather senses the output voltage either at the output stud or nearer to the battery to make up for voltage drop in the charging wiring.
If the voltage sense wire is connected to the battery cable at a starter switch or solenoid, that's where the charging voltage needs to be checked, as the voltage at the alternator will always be at least some higher than at the point where voltage is sensed.
I mentioned checking that the voltage sense wire is intact.
The OEM Delco regulators typically had an internal setting the regulator would "default" to, if the external "sense" connection is lost, possibly around 16 Volts.
NOT sure if the cheapy generic regulators now being sold do that, or simply go wild.
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Today's Featured Article - Hydraulics - Cylinder Anatomy - by Curtis von Fange. Let’s make one more addition to our series on hydraulics. I’ve noticed a few questions in the comment section that could pertain to hydraulic cylinders so I thought we could take a short look at this real workhorse of the circuit. Cylinders are the reason for the hydraulic circuit. They take the fluid power delivered from the pump and magically change it into mechanical power. There are many types of cylinders that one might run across on a farm scenario. Each one could take a chapter in
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