You won’t get a very big hay crop the first year. The oats shades and competes with the hay, making it smaller the first year.
Many folk will chop off the oats as silage, so it is harvested sooner and lets the hay kick into gear quicker.
Another option locally, and I think your area, is to plant oats, harvest it, harvest the straw, and then plant the hay crop in early September (here) so it is ready to go next year. This allows a good oats and straw crop, and the fall hay seeding typically has far less weed and erosion concerns, it will establish well and be growing well next spring. This allows you to maximize both crops, not compromise. You won’t get that hay crop the first year, but you get better oats and a stronger hay crop starting out.
Typically, oats is planted as early as you can get in the field. Even if a little snow is around.
With the hay, you want to moderate that a little bit. Plant when the weather should be pretty good here on out. More so when one would start planting corn, or near there.
Typically you plant 3 bu of oats for grain.
As a nurse crop for a hay seeding, it’s better to plant 2 bu per acre, so the hay gets a little more sun and a little less competition.
Anyhow, that’s how it’s done around here in a cold minnesota type climate.
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