First thing you will want to do, pull the plugs and give each cylinder a teaspoon or so of oil. Let it be soaking the rings before you try to start it. Crank the engine through a few times to blow the excess oil out. Make sure it has compression on all the cylinders. A simple "finger over the spark plug hole" will tell if it has stuck valves.
How is the fuel? Was it stored with gas in the tank? If it was, the tank will need to be taken off, rinsed out with some E85 gas. Unless the carb was drained, it will also need attention. Don't be afraid of it, they are simple and field serviceable.
The magneto is a stand alone system, it has no connection to the battery, and don't connect it to the electrical system! If there is a wire connected to it, that is a kill wire, you ground the wire to stop the engine. After sitting that long real good chance the points will need cleaning to get spark. Be sure to check the spark at the plugs before cranking on it too long.
As for connecting 12 volts to the starter, yes you can safely do that. Just be careful to limit cranking time, and avoid starting it any more times than you have to. When operating a 6v starter on 12v, it tends to slam the drive into the flywheel. Some handle it well, others don't, just depends on the design of the starter.
Are you positive the generator bracket is welded? Welding to cast iron is not a good practice. Chances are if it is only welded, it will eventually break off. The alternator needs a solid, square, well aligned mount in order to be reliable and not throw or eat belts. You may want to cut the weld with a grinder, find a good way to mount a solid, well fitting bracket.
Once you get it running, try to keep it running as it is long enough to drive it around a bit, put it through the motions. Make a list of everything you find that needs attention before you start working on it. What you don't want is to have to take it apart 2 or 3 times because you missed a problem that could have been addressed the first time.
A shop manual will be a great investment. They are not expensive, and will pay for itself in mistakes not made!
Keep us informed, ask all the questions you want! Above all, have fun doing this!
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Today's Featured Article - Tuning-Up Your Tractor: Plugs & Compression Testing - by Curtis Von Fange. The engine seems to run rough. In the exhaust you can hear an occasion 'poofing' sound like somethings not firing on all cylinders. Under loaded conditions the tractor seems to lack power and it belches black smoke out of the exhaust. For some reason it just doesn't want to start up without cranking and cranking the starter. All these conditions can be signals that your unit is in need of a tune up. Ok, so what is involved in a tune up? You say, swap plugs and file the points....now tha
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