You generally don't find vacuum advance on tractor and industrial engines for the same reason you don't find it on racing engines: It isn't needed.
There are two reasons you need spark advance: First, the faster the engine turns, the shorter the time for the flame in the cylinder to propagate, and you want the maximum cylinder pressure to occur roughly when the cylinder velocity is greatest, in the middle of the stroke. So the faster the engine turns the earlier the spark needs to occur. Centrifugal advance handles that nicely.
The second reason to advance the spark is that under low-load conditions the spark can be further advanced for better economy without risking detonation. That's important with passenger vehicles that typically are under low load most of the time, so vacuum advance is added to give extra advance under low-load conditions. But in the case of tractors and industrial engines, they typically are under fairly high load. And when they're not, the fuel economy gained by vacuum advance isn't that significant. So they often don't have vacuum advance.
Of course, modern automotive engines with computerized spark and fuel control consider a large number of conditions, including engine speed and manifold air pressure (the reciprocal of vacuum) to determine spark timing.
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Today's Featured Article - Upgrading an Oliver Super 55 Electrical System - by Dennis Hawkins. My old Oliver Super 55 has been just sitting and rusting for several years now. I really hate to see a good tractor being treated that way, but not being able to start it without a 30 minute point filing ritual every time contributed to its demise. If it would just start when I turn the key, then I would use it more often. In addition to a bad case of old age, most of the tractor's original electrical system was simply too unreliable to keep. The main focus of this page is to show how I upgr
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