Its fun helping you understand this George, keep those questions coming and I will answer them for you.
1) Me electrician doesn't use 125%, he says wires and circuit breakers should only be used at about 80-85% of their max rating. Again these rules apply to Maximum Continuous Current
George, you were a teacher right?? Did you teach math ?? The 125% and 80% rules accomplish the same result !!!!!!!!! its how you use it !!!!!!!!!
a) If the MCC is 16 Amps and you size the conductors to have a minimum ampacity of 125% THATS 20 AMP WIRE 16 x 125% = 20 IE if the MCC is 16 you have to use 125% greater wire which is 20 amps
b) If you use 20 amp wire the max current is 80% of 16 Amps 80% x 20 = 16 Amps
SAME RESULT (80% and 125% rules) it depends on which way you use it THERES THE ANSWER IF YOUR ELECTRICIAN DOESNT EXCEED 80% OF CURRENT HE HAS ALSO USED THE 125% RULE just in reverse
2) The 225 Lincoln is not rated at Continuous use, they are rated at 20% duty cycle..
That being the case their internal wiring ampacity may be less than if they were rated for 100%
3) Would you like to wager, a meal at TX roadhouse, the transformer's primary wires are not bigger than 12g?
NO WAY what you and most (so dont feel bad George) non electricians non engineers dont understand is THE AMPACITY OF SINGLE CONDUCTORS IN FREE AIR IS MUCHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH GREATER than if jacketed or in conduit. A single 12 gauge wire all alone in air has a MUCH higher ampacity then if its in a jacket or cord or conduit and if in conduit how many wires and what size conduit
4) The cables are 3/16 diameter, .1875. Is that a 7 g wire? How much current can a 3/16 copper handle?
The current it can handle is a function of wire size,,,,,,,Type class and physics/chemistry of its insulation ,,,,,,Temperature,,,,,,,,,,,,If its in free air orrrrrrrrr in a jacket or enclosure or raceway and if so how many conductors in what size enclosure
5) To protect a 10g wire use a 30 amp breaker? Yes or NO
NO you protect the wire based on its ampacity ....If its rated (depends on if in free air or jacketed or in raceway or enclosure and temperature and insulation and how many enclosed conductors) at 30 amps in that case YES use a 30 amp breaker
6) Can you use a power transformer, unlike an electric motor, safely work on less input voltage (IR loss) and not burn up? Yes or NO
YES it will NOT burn up iffffffffff its windings and internals are all sufficiently rated to handle the max current and effectively dissipate the heat generated on BOTH its Primary and Secondary. If the input voltage is less so will the output voltage be less,,,If the input is higher so wil the output be higher,,,,,
GEORGE, do not feel bad if you dont understand all this. Its IMPOSSIBLE for me to explain or for you to understand in a few sentences here WHAT CAN TAKE YEARS OF STUDY to comprehend, but hey I try my best and am glad to help you and will continue to do so
FWIW per NEC when I practiced (may be different now it changes every 3 years so no warranty) if I specified the conductors that fed a 50 amp receptacle, they had to have at least 50 amp rating NOTTTTTTTT 20 NOTTTTTTTTT 30. NOTE thats NOT to say if it only takes 20 or 30 amps to serve a load you have to use 50 amp wire WHAT A WELDER OR OTHER LOAD REQUIRES IS NOT THE SAME AS WHAT THE CODE MAY REQUIRE TO FEED A GIVEN RECEPTACLE
You DO NOT need any of our permission or the NEC to wire anything however you please GO FOR IT. Its YOUR life YOUR risk YOUR building. All I can do is try my best to help and educate you and the other fine gents here in electrical safety and theory to maybe prevent a fire or electrocution NOTTTTTTTTTTT TO ARGUE WITH OR FIGHT, ONLY TO HELP
Best wishes good neighbor, I hope this helps but again I can NOT explain nor can you be expected to understand what takes years of study and experience to comprehend SO YOURE OKAY Have a good day neighbor. Instead of us boring the others to tears feel free to e mail me jmn50@msn.com your questions and I will try my best to help you without hogging up the forum lol
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