Posted by Steven Allen on January 26, 2023 at 05:09:06 from (67.6.89.10):
In Reply to: Cannons for Cannons posted by big tee on January 25, 2023 at 16:36:47:
For what it's worth, ACW-era field artillery pieces were not measured in calibres.
As a rule, smoothbore guns and howitzers were categorized by the weight of a round shot that fit the bore. For example, the popular 12 lb gun, Model 1841; the 12 lb gun-howitzer (Napoleon), Model 1857; and the 12 lb Field/Pack Howitzer, Model 1841, were all 4.62" bore pieces as that size allowed a 12 lb shot/shell in the tube (with a fraction, about 1/10", for windage). Some obscure guns did not use round iron shot but rather lead projectiles that were shaped like huge Minie' bullets. Even so, the guns were designated by what round shot they would use rather than by the weight (or size) of the conical projectiles.
Rifled guns were coming to vogue at the time, and, since they used elongated bolts, not round shot, this method of categorization was not adequate although it was used alongside the new method for some time. The new method did employ bore diameter, such as the 3" Ordinance Rifle and the 2.9" and 3" Parrot rifles. The Parrots were also known as 10 lb rifles because the common solid bolts used (there were a large variety) averaged about 10 lbs.
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