Saw a guy build a roof over a trailer house with pole barn design. The lumber was too small and too long of spans between polls. Looked good when he was done but a few years later it was swayed down between poles. In my house I'm replacing beams that were poorly designed or constructed. Common construction process is to put 1/2 plywood spacers in window headers, they become structural if they're one pieces the same size as the header, but if you're spanning 15 feet and don't interlock the ends it's just a waste of wood and more weight. What I replaced: 2@ 2x10x13 w/ 1/2 plywood not interlocked or glued. What I used: 2@ 2x12x15 w/ 3/4 plywood interlocked and glued, screwed and bolted. What I replaced: 3@ 2x8x12 w/ 2@ 1/2 plywood not interlocked or glued. What I used: 3@ 2x10x14 glued and screwed. What I replaced: Load bearing door way. 2@ 2x10x6. While the short span held up with the 2x10s the support boards were bowing under the weight. What I used: 4@ 2x12x6 glued, supports were glued and pulled together, screwed and another board added under each side. All had some structural problem, bowing, bending, crushing. While this calculator doesn't address headers you can see what different dimensional woods and species will span. You didn't say how wide or how many trusses will set on each span, but it's obvious that five 40 foot truses setting on a span are going to weight more that three 12 foot trusses.
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