In North America we have 120 and 240 single phase in homes.
Within that you get 2, 3 and 4 wire wiring methods. 2 wire is almost obsolete.
3 wire 120 and 4 wire 240 always have a ground and neutral both. 4 wire 220 is just so you run 120 v on the same circuit.
An easy way I've explained it to people is, while using a circuit, the neutral voltage floats around depending on a bunch of things. If you cheat and use your ground conductor as the neutral, its voltage will now float, as will the voltage of anything metal grounded on the same circuit.
So you've taken away the escape route for stray current and electrified everything.
Been in lots of barns with this problem. Neighbour broke his arm climbing the hay conveyor. He touched the metal siding and the 40 volts in the conveyor frame went through him to ground. He jerked and fell from 20 ft.
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Today's Featured Article - Old Time Threshing - by Anthony West. A lovely harvest evening late September 1947, I was a school boy, like all school boys I loved harvest time. The golden corn ripens well and early, the stoking, stacking,.... the drawing in with the tractors and trailers and a few buck rakes thrown in, and possibly a heavy horse. It would be a great day for the collies and the terrier dogs, rats and mice would be at the bottom of the stacks so the dogs, would have a busy time hunting and killing, all the corn was gathered and ricked in what we c
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