Posted by Gerald J. on March 18, 2010 at 14:09:47 from (75.221.187.47):
Found the reference manual from 1980. It says SAE J538a was approved December 1955 and last revised June 1963. Reaffirmed without change January 1973.
As it reads in 1980, J538a says: "The negative side of the storage battery shall be securely and adequately grounded so that the voltage drop to the starting motor is held within the limits established in SAE J541."
I suspect the 1955 version allowed either polarity battery and the 1963 revision required the negative battery terminal be grounded.
J541a requires the voltage drop between the battery and the starter motor be less than 0.12 volts per 100 amps for 6 volt light and medium duty and 12 volt heavy duty. 0.2 volts per 100 amps for 12 volt light and medium duty and 24 to 32 volt heavy duty.
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