The moldboard width (the width of the soil that a moldboard lifts up and turns over) is measured my placing your yardstick or tape across the plow, 90 degrees from the front to back of the plow. Each moldboard has a beam running front to back, so measure from center to center on the beams and you then know your moldboard size. A 2 bottom with 14" will turn over 28" of soil with each pass...give or take an inch or two, depending on how accurately you pull the plow as it"s right wheel runs in the furrow.
The rope: As you sit on the tractor seat, you pull on the rope and let go immediately and the plow should drop down as your tractor moves forward. Same thing to raise it...your tractor has to be moving forward. The pulling of the rope can best be called a "jerk"...you don"t keep holding it towards you. Sometimes the left wheel (the "lifting and lowering wheel) will slide along as you try to lift or lower the plow...that can be remedied by using a car tire chain or a tire with greater grip, but mostly it"s a matter of increasing or loosening the tension of the two long springs running front to back at the front part of the frame by turning the big nut on the end of the bolt in the spring.
Standing at the rear of the plow and looking to the hitch, the left lever sets the depth of the whole plow. The right lever levels the plow, and this lever needs to allow the right wheel to come up high so you can start your first pass; as the wheel comes high, the moldboard goes down so it can make that first cut since it has no furrow to follow in. After the first round, you reset the right lever to allow for the furrow depth. Try plowing first about 6-8" deep, that"s enough for you to get the hang of how it all works.
Those old moldboards are not for the speed most people want to travel today....I put my H Farmall in 2nd or 3rd and the plow turns the soil over very nicely. Too fast and you just throw soil. Plowing is an "art", not a science.
The coulters (the big disk things) should run about 1/2" away from the point on the moldboard, meaning it cuts about 1/2" more soil. Make sure the axle of the coulter runs just above the soil surface.
The hitch should be aligned depending on your tractor right wheel axle width, and that"s more than I can describe here, for now.
Just get out there, drop it in the ground, put tractor in a lower gear, throttle up, and HAVE FUN!!! That"s what plowing is, a pure joy. Oh, and keep looking back a lot to see how things are doing.
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