See if I can take a reasonably coherent shot at it...
The pinion gears DO rotate on that shaft. As either side-gear turns, the pinion gears MUST move in opposite directions.
The shaft on which sit the pinion gears is fixed to the differential case and thus, of necessity, the shaft-and-pinions turn with the differential case and its drive gear.
When the tractor is driving flat and straight, neither the pinion gears, or the side gears (with the differential shafts), move in relation to each other, that is, the pinion gears do not, at that time, rotate on the shaft. Rather, they act as if they were all 4 welded together, and the pinion gears "drive" the side gears without any rotation on their shaft.
Of course, if the tractor were to only go straight, those gears COULD be welded together!
Even then, when a tractor turns and the back wheels go slightly different speeds, only then do the pinions rotate on their shaft, and only enough to allow the side gears (and differential shafts) to move at different rates from each other.
It"s counter-intuitive, because typically, one could expect "gears" to "spin", or be constantly rotating on their shafts.
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Today's Featured Article - The Day Tractor Lovers Dream About - by Angus Crawford. The day started at five o'clock on the morning of Friday, the January 29, 1999. My father, my sister, my uncle, my cousin and myself all climbed into my uncle's Toyota van. It was six thirty in the morning and we had a long day ahead. We traveled for six and a half hours to our destination - a little country town with a population of no more then one hundred and fifty people (57 of them being children under the age of thirteen). We arrived hoping to meet up with a man we knew had over one
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