There was some discussion and questions below concerning whats known as Multi Wire Branch Circuits aka Split Wire.
YES THEY ARE LEGAL AND USED (moreso in commercial) HOWEVER I DO NOTTTTTTTTTTTT FAVOR THEM IN RESIDENTIAL DESIGN
1) They are more dangerous in the sense that THERE IS 240 VOLTS PRESENT L1 (Red) TO L2 (Black) instead of only 120 (Line to Neutral) in a regular outlet box.
2) Most homeowners and Billy Bob and Bubba have no idea what they are or how they work
3) Of course, they MUST be fed and protected by the use of 240 volt 2 pole tied circuit breakers so theres no way one can still be hot if the other is turned off.
4) They do save on copper wire expense because you only need 1 Neutral versus 2.
5) If BOTH L1 & L2 carry the same amps, say 15 each, THE NEUTRAL CARRIES ZERO AMPS since the 2 hot phases are 180 out of phase and opposite from the other. Best case BOTH carry say 15 amps (if same) Neutral amps is ZERO. Worst case one carries 15 the other 0, Neutral amps is 14
6) To wire them you break off the connector tabs on the hot side and wire L1 to one and L2 to the other while over on the Neuttral side you leave the ties intact and wire a single common Neutral
7) I DID NOT use them in fluorescent lighting circuits where harmonics can cause the Neutral current NOT to necessarily cancel each other out.
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