In a farm diesel vs farm gasoline engine in a 4020 for example . The 4020 gas engine was smaller than the diesel and still made the same lugged torque and Peak HP.
A diesel without variable cam timing is stuck being a low rpm engine because the camshaft duration is so short. Stick the same cam in a gasser and it will also make peak torque at 1200-1500rpm, peak HP at 2100-2400rpm and fall flat on it's face when reved 200rpm past peak HP rpm. Why ? Beacause the engine can't breath due to the valves not being open long enough and high enough.
That is another point, valve to piston interference . The higher compresson diesel has to waiting for the piston to drop out of the way during the intake stroke .before opening the intake valve to keep the intake valve from hitting the piston.
Same as the exhaust valve has to close before the piston reaches TDC on the exhaust stroke to clear the diesel piston .
The short cam timing is also required to maximize combustion chamber pressure and thus heat while cranking the engine over to start.
Great for low rpm torque but in order to make serious HP. The expense and complexity of a turbo must be added. Then the engine must be beefed up even heavier to handle the stress of much higher combustion chamber pressures.
As for rpm being the one, sole factor influencing wear, isn't so. The same engine making 50HP at 1500rpm with the injection system at max delivery, combustion chamber pressure at max, thrust on the wrist pins, connecting rod bearings and crankshaft at max.
Take the same engine and rev it at 1800rpm and making 50 HP operating at 83.3% of max pressure and thrust.
It's going to operate more hours making 50 HP less stressed at 1800rpm than making 50HP at 1500rpm pushed to the max.
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