What is dielectric breakdown? Explain briefly the various factors contributing to breakdowns in dielectrics.
Ans.: Electric Breakdown: When the electric field applied across any substance exceeds threshold breakdown field for that substance, the insulator suddenly turns into a resistor, Here a large usually abrupt rise in electric current is produced small increase in electric voltage. Breakdown can be intentional and controlled of accidental. Lightning is the most familiar example of breakdown.
Electrical breakdown in Gas: In a gas, the potential gradient may become high enough to accelerate the naturally present may become high enough to accelerate the naturally present ions to such velocities that cause further ionization upon collision with other atoms. The process is corona discharge. If the region of ionization does not extend between oppositely charged electrodes, if the ionization region the gap between electrodes breaking down the insulation provided by the gas the process is ionization discharge. When controlled by the ballast of a fluorescent lamp the process converts electric power to light.
Every two years I'm replacing distributor and rotor on my 2007 GMC Delco dist. Did the same on my 95 GMC. I'm convinced dielectric breakdown is increased by humidity and the ions produced in the air when the spark is going between the rotor and cap not to mention any dust particles that get in under the cap. My rotor shorts to ground, kills spark, happens when my truck sits in garage and usually happens when humidity levels cause condensation on cold garage floors. I use delco parts. It usually happens in February close to my Birthday. Plan to change rotor and distributor again when I turn 69, if not sooner.
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